Compiled by Michelle D. Szabo M.D. and Gregory Crosby, M.D.
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
Copyright (c) 1996 SNACC All Rights Reserved

1. Bracken MB, Shepard MJ, Collins WF et al: A randomized, controlled trial of methylpredmisolone or naloxone in the treatment of acute spinal-cord injury. N Engl J Med 322: 1405-1411, 1990

2. Bregman BS, et al: Recovery from spinal cord injury mediated by antibodies to neurite growth inhibitors. Nature 378: 498-501, 1995

3. Bowes MP, et al; Diaspirin cross-linked hemoglobin improves neurological outcome following reversible but not irreversible CNS ischemia in rabbits. Stroke. 25: 2253-7, 1994

4. Clark WM, Madden KP, Rothlein R, Zivin JA: Reduction of central nervous system ischemic injury in rabbits using leukocyte adhesion antibody treatment. Stroke 22: 877-883, 1991

5. Cole DJ, Shapiro HM, Drummond JC, Zivin JA: Halothane, fentanyl/nitrous oxide, and spinal lidocaine protect against spinal cord injury in the rat. Anesthesiology 70: 967-972, 1989

6. Drummond JC, Moore SS: The influence of dextrose administration on neurologic outcome after temporary spinal cord ischemia in the rabbit. Anesthesiology 70, 64-70, 1989

7. Ducker TB, Zeidman SM: Spinal Cord Injury: Role of steroid therapy. Spine 19: 2281-2287, 1994

8. Faden AI, Ellison JA, Noble LJ: Effects of competitive and non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonists in spinal cord injury. Eur J Pharm 175: 165-174, 1990

9. Faden AI, Jacobs TP, Mougey E, Holaday JW: Endorphins in experimental spinal injury: therapeutic effect of naloxone. Ann Neurol 10: 326-332, 1981

10. Ford RWJ, Malm DN: Therapeutic trial of hypercarbia and hypocarbia in acute experimental spinal cord injury. J Neurosurg 61: 925-930, 1984

11. Geisler FH, Dorsey FC, Coleman WP: Recovery of motor function after spinal-cord injury-A randomized, placebo-controlled trial with GM-1 ganglioside. N Engl J Med 324: 1829-1838, 1991

12. Geisler FH, Dorsey FC, Coleman WP: Past and current clinical studies with GM-1 ganglioside in acute spinal cord injury. Ann Emerg Med 22: 1041-1047, 1993

13. Grissom TE, et al: The effect of anesthetics on neurologic outcome during the recovery period of spinal cord injury in rats. Anesth Analg 79: 66-74, 1994

14. Hall ED: The neuroprotective pharmacology of methylprednisolone. J Neurosurg 76; 13-22, 1992

15. Hemmila MR, et al: Postischemic hyperglymia worsens neurologic outcome after spinal cord ischemia. J Vasc Surg 17: 661-8, 1993

16. Holtz A, Nystrom B, Gerdin B: Spinal cord injry in rats: inability of nimodipine or anti-neutrophil serum to improve spinal cord blood flow or nerologic status. Acta neurol Scand 79: 460-467, 1989

17. Janssen L, Hansebout RR: Pathogenesis of spinal cord injury and newer treatments-a Review. Spine 14:23-32, 1989

18. Kobrine AI, Evan DE, Rizzoli HV: Relative vulnerability of the brain and spinal cord to ischemia. J Neuro Sci 45: 65-72, 1980

19. Marsala M, et al: Transient spinal ischemia in rat: characterization of spinal cord blood flow, extracellular aminal acid release, and concurrent histopathological damage. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 14: 604-614, 1994

20. Marsala M, et al: Effect of graded hypothermia (27o to 34o C) on behavioral function, histopathology, and spinal plood flow after spinal ischemia in rat. Stroke 25: 2038-46, 1994

21. Panter SS, Yum SW, Faden AI: Alteration in extracellular amino acids after traumatic spinal cord injury. Ann Neurol 27: 96-99, 1990

22. Robertson CS, Grossman RG: Protection against spinal cord ischemia with insulin-induced hypoglycemia. J Neurosurg 67: 739-744, 1987

23. Salzman, SK, Lee WA, Sabato S, et al: Halothan anesthesia is neuroprotective in experimental spinal cord injury: early hemodynamic mechanisms of action. Res Comm Chem Path and Pharm 80: 59-, 1993

24. Seigal T, Shohami E, Shapira Y, et al: Indomethacin and dexamethasone treatment in experimental neplastic spinal cord compression: Part 2- Effect on edema and prostaglandin synthesis. Neurosurgery 22: 334-339, 1988

25. Walker JB, Harris M: GM-1 ganglioside administration combined with physical therapy restores ambulation in humans with chronic spinal cord injury. Neurosci Letters 161: 174-8, 1993

26. Winkler T, Sharma HS, Stalberg E, Olsson Y. Indomethacin, an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis attenuates alteration in spinal cord evoked potentials and edema formation after trauma to the spinal cord: an experimental study in the rat. Neuroscience 52: 1057-1067, 1993

27. Yanase M, et al: Role of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor in acute spinal cord injury. J Neurosurg 83: 884-8, 1995